近年来,有关脑血管病防治的药物或非药物疗法层出不穷。虽然其中不乏被可靠证据证实有效的疗法,特别是在预防方面进展可喜。然而,也应充分认识到脑血管病防治,特别是急性脑梗死治疗的不规范现象。一方面,有证据证明有效的防治措施尚未充分使用;另一方面已广泛使用的不少疗法是否真正有效,实际并不十分清楚,以致各地使用的治疗方法差异极大。怎样使临床医生对治疗方法的选择更加科学合理、更加规范,从而提高脑血管病防治的水平?本文将以急性脑梗死治疗方法选择为例对脑血管病的循证防治进行介绍。循证医学(evidence-based medicine,EBM)的定义和起源循证医学(遵循证据的医学)指对病人的诊断、治疗、预防、康复和其他决策应建立在当前最佳临床研究证据、临床专业知识技能及病人的需求三者结合的基础之上。最佳临床研究证据指与临床密切相关的研究,包括对诊断性试验准确性和精确性的 In recent years, the prevention and treatment of cerebrovascular disease drug or non-drug therapy emerge in an endless stream. Although there is no shortage of proven therapies with credible evidence, progress in prevention in particular is welcome. However, the prevention and treatment of cerebrovascular diseases, especially the non-standard treatment of acute cerebral infarction, should also be fully recognized. On the one hand, there is evidence that effective preventive and control measures have not yet been fully used; on the other hand, many of the widely used treatments have actually been effective and are not very clear in practice so that the treatment methods used vary widely. How to make clinicians more scientific and rational choice of treatment methods, more standardized, thereby enhancing the level of prevention and treatment of cerebrovascular disease? In this paper, the choice of treatment of acute cerebral infarction as an example of evidence-based prevention and treatment of cerebrovascular disease are introduced. The Definition and Origin of Evidence-Based Medicine (EBM) Evidence-based medicine (Evidence-based medicine) refers to the best clinical research evidence that is currently being developed, diagnosed, treated, prevented, rehabilitated, and other decisions in the clinical profession Knowledge and skills and the needs of patients based on the combination of the three. The best clinical research evidence refers to clinically relevant research, including the accuracy and accuracy of diagnostic tests