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以三个具粘果山羊草细胞质的高频单倍体异质小麦为单倍体源,对小麦单倍体和二倍体的一些形态和生理性状进行了比较研究。结果表明,与二倍体比较单倍体有以下表现:①由于第三伸长节间和穗下节长度缩短,株高降低12％～22％;②因旗叶和倒二叶长度和宽度明显下降,叶面积也显著减小;③穗长、平均每穗小穗数、单株分蘖、有效分蘖和茎秆直径均显著下降;④气孔长度、宽度及面积均有下降趋势,但气孔密度明显增加;⑤旗叶的净光合强度和总光合强度约高出30％,呼吸强度则因材料不同有升有降。
Three haploid and heterotrophic wheat were used as haploid sources. The morphological and physiological characteristics of haploid and diploid wheat were compared. The results showed that compared with diploid, the haploid showed the following: (1) The plant height decreased by 12% ~ 22% due to the shortened length of the third elongate internode and panicle; (2) (P <0.05); (3) The length of spike, the number of spikelets per panicle, the tillers per plant, the effective tillers and the diameter of stalks decreased significantly; the stomatal length, width and area all showed a downward trend, but the stomatal density Significantly increased; ⑤ flag leaf net photosynthetic intensity and total photosynthesis intensity is about 30% higher, respiratory intensity due to different materials have ascend and descent.