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随着现代医学和产科的不断发展,人们不断探索新的产时服务模式,以减轻分娩的痛苦,提高自然分娩率。水中分娩是指在产妇分娩发动以后,使其浸入特制的分娩池或浴盆中,采用非药物性减轻产妇在整个分娩过程中的疼痛,在水中待产或分娩。据近期研究表明,产妇在水中分娩给予的镇痛剂和催产素也相应地较传统分娩用量少,从而达到减轻镇痛、促进宫缩、缩短产程的作用。本文从水中分娩的发展历史、临床应用、安全风险分析和应用前景进行了回顾,希望水中分娩这项技术在能给国妇产科领域的开展起到借鉴作用。
With the continuous development of modern medicine and obstetrics, people continue to explore new modes of service in order to reduce the pain of childbirth and improve the rate of natural childbirth. Water childbirth refers to the maternal childbirth after launch, so immersed in a special birthing pool or tub, the use of non-drug to reduce maternal pain during the entire delivery process, in the water to be produced or delivery. According to recent studies, it has been shown that the amount of analgesics and oxytocin given by the mother during childbirth in the water is correspondingly less than that of the traditional delivery, so as to relieve pain, promote uterine contractions and shorten the birth process. This article reviews the history, clinical application, safety risk analysis and application prospect of childbirth in water. It is hoped that this technique of water delivery will be able to serve as a reference for the development of gynecology and obstetrics in the country.