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目的掌握青岛市住区蚊类种群构成、地理分布及携带病原情况,为指导蚊虫及蚊媒病的防治提供科学依据。方法采用CO2灯诱法、帐诱法采集不同环境成蚊;采集不同水体幼虫带回实验室饲养,待孵化成蚊后鉴定;蚊虫标本研磨处理后,采用细胞培养方法分离病毒,RT-PCR方法检测病毒核酸。结果青岛市住区蚊类种群构成(2007年CO2灯诱法)淡色库蚊、三带喙库蚊和白纹伊蚊为优势种群,分别占捕蚊总数的83%、13.44%和0.77%;东乡伊蚊占1.18%,主要分布于青岛沿海的石穴中;朝鲜伊蚊占0.07%,主要分布于崂山风景区;中华按蚊和刺扰伊蚊分别占1.38%和0.16%,主要分布于农村。青岛市蚊类5月份入笼,7月下旬、8、9月份达高峰,11月下旬笼诱不到。2006、2007、2008年共采集8 100只蚊虫,未分离到乙脑病毒和登革热病毒,乙脑病毒核酸检测均为阴性;但有3份(QD-2、QD-3、QD-9)蚊虫标本产生特异性细胞病变,怀疑为其他黄病毒。结论青岛市近年不大可能发生乙型脑炎和登革热疾病的流行;但宜于7-9月份加强蚊类防治工作,市民到海边、崂山景区游玩或到海边钓鱼时注意防伊蚊叮咬。
Objective To understand the population structure, geographical distribution and pathogenicity of mosquitoes in settlements of Qingdao City and provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of mosquito and mosquito vectors. Methods Different environments of adult mosquitoes were collected by CO2 lamp induction and tentative inducement. The larvae of different water bodies were collected and fed back to the laboratory for identification after being hatched into adult mosquitoes. After the mosquito specimens were ground, the viruses were isolated by cell culture method and RT-PCR Detection of viral nucleic acid. Results Mosquito population in residential areas of Qingdao City (2007 CO2 lamp) The dominant species were Culex pipiens pallens, Culex tritaeniorhynchus and Aedes albopictus, accounting for 83%, 13.44% and 0.77% of the total mosquitoes respectively. Aegialid mosquitoes accounted for 1.18%, mainly distributed in the rocky caves of Qingdao coast; Aedes aegypti accounted for 0.07%, mainly distributed in Laoshan Scenic Spot; Anopheles sinensis and Aedes albopictus accounted for 1.38% and 0.16% respectively, mainly distributed in Countryside. Qingdao mosquito into the cage in May, late July, August and September reached its peak, cage in late November can not be induced. A total of 8,100 mosquitoes were collected in 2006, 2007 and 2008, and no JE and dengue viruses were detected. JE virus nucleic acid tests were negative. However, 3 mosquitoes (QD-2, QD-3 and QD-9) Specimens produce specific cytopathic lesions suspected of other flaviviruses. Conclusion Qingdao is not likely to have epidemics of Japanese encephalitis and dengue fever in recent years. However, mosquito control should be strengthened in July and September. Citizens should pay attention to the prevention of mosquito bites when they go to the beach or Laoshan scenic spot or go to the beach for fishing.