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In the early 1930s, under the influence of the psychoanalytic method of Freud (S. Freud 1856 - 1939), some American anthropologists and ethnologists turned to the study of the relationship between culture and personal psychology. They have put forward their own views based on Freud's theory, including Sapir (E. Sapir 1884 - 1939), Benedict (Ruth Benedict 1887 - 1948), and Linton (R. Linton). 1883 - 1953), Kardiner (A.Kardiner 1891 - 1981), Dobois (Cora Dobois 1903 - ), Mead (M.Mead 1901 - 1978), etc.Thus forming a school of psychological anthropology. This article mainly introduces the main ideas of two female disciples of Franz Boas, Benedict and Mead. The basis of the research is mainly based on the writings of the two, in which Benedict is mainly based on his book "Cultural Model", Mead is mainly based on his book "Sex and Temperament of Three Primitive Tribes".