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在过去的30年,全球干燥研发活动呈现出快速增长趋势。尽管热力干燥在几乎所有主要工业生产部门都是一个重要的单元操作,干燥基础和工业应用研究却是在上世纪70年代早期发生能源危机后才开始兴起。随后石油价格下跌,但人们已认识到改善干燥操作以节省能源、提高产品质量、减少环境影响的重要性;最近几年更增强了这种意识。新的干燥技术、更好的操作措施和干燥机控制策略、先进和可靠的放大方法,已经帮助生产出低成本和高质量的干燥产品。由于没有一个普遍适用的干燥理论,多数干燥数学模型仅适用于特定的产品和设备。本文将讨论革新在不同工业干燥部门如纸张、木材、农产品、废弃物等所发挥的作用,概述过去30年干燥研究的进展和面对的挑战,指出一些需要继续研究努力的干燥领域,举例讨论通过数学模型强化干燥器设计的革新,同时强调指出,学术界与工业界紧密互动是未来10年干燥研发获得成功的关键。
In the past 30 years, global dry R & D activities showed a rapid growth trend. Although thermal drying is an important unitary operation in almost all major industrial sectors, dry-based and industrial-use research began to emerge only after the energy crisis of the early 1970s. Oil prices subsequently dropped, but the importance of improving drying operations to save energy, improve product quality and reduce environmental impact has been recognized; this has been reinforced in recent years. New drying technologies, better operating practices and dryer control strategies, advanced and reliable amplification methods have helped to produce low-cost and high-quality dry products. Since there is no universal theory of drying, most dry mathematical models are only suitable for specific products and equipment. This article will discuss the role of innovation in various industrial dry sectors such as paper, timber, agricultural products, waste, etc., outline the progress and challenges in drying research over the past 30 years, and point out some areas for drying that require continued research efforts. Through the mathematical model to strengthen the dryer design innovation, also stressed that the close interaction between academia and industry is the key to the success of dry R & D in the next 10 years.