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目的了解2009—2011年杭州市江干区职业卫生工作情况,为进一步防治职业病提供科学依据。方法收集3年来该区企业职业病危害因素检测、职业健康监护等资料,建立职业卫生监管数据库并进行统计分析。结果对373家企业3 799个作业点进行了职业病危害因素检测,合格率为87.3%,其中物理因素检测合格率最低(73.0%),其次为粉尘(90.4%)和化学因素(96.1%)。在各行业中,机械制造行业(82.0%)、家具制造行业(83.4%)检测合格率较低,主要超标项目为噪声、苯系化合物。389家次企业共10 080名劳动者进行了职业健康检查,漏检率为(5.8%),化学因素漏检率最高(9.2%),各行业中印刷行业漏检率最高(15.6%)。结论该区职业病危害的重点为噪声、苯系化合物接触行业,应加强对重点行业企业的监管,保障劳动者身体健康。
Objective To understand the occupational health status in Jianggan District of Hangzhou City from 2009 to 2011 and provide scientific evidence for further prevention and treatment of occupational diseases. Methods The data of occupational hazards, occupational health care and other occupational hazards in this area were collected during the past three years, and a database of occupational health supervision was established and analyzed statistically. Results Occupational hazards were detected at 3 799 sites in 373 enterprises with a pass rate of 87.3%. The lowest passing rate of physical factors was 73.0%, followed by dust (90.4%) and chemical factors (96.1%). Among all industries, the qualified rate of machinery manufacturing industry (82.0%) and furniture manufacturing industry (83.4%) is relatively low. The major over-standard items are noise and benzene compounds. A total of 1080 laborers from 389 sub-sectors conducted occupational health examinations at a rate of 5.8%, with the highest rate of missed chemical tests (9.2%) and the highest rate of missed inspection (15.6%) among printing industries in various industries. Conclusion The focus of occupational hazards in this area is noise. When benzene compounds are exposed to the industry, the supervision over enterprises in key industries should be strengthened to ensure the health of laborers.