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目的了解烟台市城乡居民健康素养一般状况,为有关部门制定政策提供依据。方法 2015年10-12月间,整群抽样法抽取1 896名烟台市居民,采用中国健康教育中心统一研制的中国公民健康素养调查问卷进行入户面对面调查。结果烟台市居民具备健康素养的居民比例为18.51%。具备基本知识和理念、健康生活方式及行为、基本技能素养的比例分别为35.39%、15.61%和28.11%。涉及急救、安全的健康问题居民作答正确率最高,而慢病、创伤等问题正确率最低。结论烟台市城乡居民健康素养水平高于全国平均水平,不同人口学特征人群健康素养水平无差异,需制定有针对性的策略进行干预,同时需重视居民健康行为的培养。
Objective To understand the general health literacy status of urban and rural residents in Yantai City and provide the basis for the relevant departments to formulate policies. Methods From January to December 2015, a total of 1 866 residents in Yantai City were enrolled in the cluster sampling method. The questionnaires of health literacy developed by China Health Education Center were used to conduct face-to-face household surveys. Results Yantai residents with health literacy ratio of residents was 18.51%. The proportions of basic knowledge and philosophy, healthy lifestyles and behaviors, and basic skills attainment were 35.39%, 15.61% and 28.11% respectively. The residents who responded to the first aid and safety health problems answered the highest correct rates, while those with chronic diseases and traumas had the lowest correct rates. Conclusion The level of health literacy of urban and rural residents in Yantai is higher than the national average level. There is no difference in health literacy among population with different demographic characteristics. Targeted strategies need to be formulated to intervene. At the same time, attention should be paid to the cultivation of residents’ health behavior.