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通过两个远缘亲本的杂交和连续回交,进行核代换,是选育雄性不育系,实现三系配套的基本方法。国内外在稻属(Oryza)不同植物类型中,通过核代换培育雄性不育系方面,进行了大量的研究,其中包括种间、种内野生稻和栽培稻间,秈、粳稻亚种间,秈稻或粳稻的品种间。以上四种类型的核代换,都在一定的组合中培育出了相应的雄性不育系,一部分实现了三系配套。
Through the crossing of two distant parents and continuous backcross, nuclear substitution is the basic method of breeding male sterile lines and achieving the three-line matching. At home and abroad, a great deal of researches have been done on nuclear male-sterile lines in different plant types of Oryza, including intraspecific, intra-species wild and cultivated rice, subspecies of indica and japonica , Indica or japonica rice varieties. The above four types of nuclear substitutions, in a certain combination to cultivate a corresponding male sterile line, part of the realization of the three-line package.