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最小因子律至今仍是施肥的基本理论,但它是不同地块施同样数量有机肥产量不同得出的推论。为了探索土壤养分相对较高与最大量下,施用氮、磷、钾肥料的最小因子效应与配施效果,2003年以来,在小麦、玉米和谷子上进行了试验研究。结果表明,氮、磷、钾肥料的单施效应并不完全取决于土壤养分含量高低,很大程度上还与氮、磷、钾营养元素的施肥性质有关。氮、磷肥料在任何土壤养分条件下施用均具有显著增产效果,但在土壤有效钾含量较高的情况下钾与氮或磷配合施用会降低氮或磷的增产效果,而氮、磷配合施用的增产效果显著高于氮、磷单施,最小因子律在相对较高的土壤养分条件下是不成立的。最小因子理论的重要价值在于它隐含了土壤养分类型和施肥比例的概念,对施肥技术研究具有重要的理论意义和应用价值。
The law of the smallest factor is still the basic theory of fertilization at present, but it is a corollary of different yield of organic fertilizers in different plots. In order to explore the effect of minimum factor and the effect of applying nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers under relatively high and maximum soil nutrients, the experiment on wheat, corn and millet was carried out since 2003. The results showed that the application effect of N, P and K fertilizers did not depend on the content of soil nutrients, but also on the fertilization characteristics of N, P and K nutrients to a large extent. Nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers had significant effects on yield increase under any soil nutrient conditions. However, the application of potassium and nitrogen or phosphorus could reduce the yield of nitrogen or phosphorus when the soil available potassium was high, while the combination of nitrogen and phosphorus The yield increase was significantly higher than that of nitrogen and phosphorus. The minimum factor law was not established under the relatively high soil nutrient conditions. The important value of the theory of minimum factor lies in that it implies the concept of soil nutrient type and fertilization proportion, and has important theoretical significance and application value for the research on fertilization technology.