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对165份来源不同的糯玉米农家品种和自交系的穗粒性状和淀粉品质性状进行了鉴定,并利用60对SSR标记进行了遗传多样性分析。结果表明,165份糯玉米种质穗长、秃顶长、行数、行粒数和穗粗变异较大,粗淀粉含量、支链淀粉含量和淀粉糊化特性RVA特征谱带值各指标变异丰富。60对SSR引物在165份材料间共检测到281个等位基因,PCR扩增片段大小介于90~690 bp,每对引物检测到2~9个等位基因,平均为4.68个;每对SSR引物的多态性信息量(PIC)在0.332~0.860之间,平均为0.6924。利用UPGMA聚类分析方法将供试种质分为3类,划分结果基本符合品系的来源情况,生产应用的多数糯玉米自交系材料与我国西南地区糯玉米地方品种材料具有较远的亲缘关系。165份糯玉米种质具有丰富的遗传多样性,可为糯玉米杂交利用和遗传改良提供基础。
The grain traits and starch quality traits of 165 waxy maize varieties and inbred lines with different origins were identified and 60 SSR markers were used to analyze the genetic diversity. The results showed that there were abundant variation in spike length, bald length, row number, row grain number and ear diameter of 165 waxy corn germplasms. The content of crude starch, amylopectin content and starch gelatinization characteristics varied widely . A total of 281 alleles were detected in 60 of the 60 pairs of SSR primers. The PCR amplified fragments ranged in size from 90 to 690 bp, with 2 to 9 alleles per primer pair, with an average of 4.68 pairs. SSR primer polymorphism information (PIC) in the range of 0.332 ~ 0.860, with an average of 0.6924. UPGMA cluster analysis was used to classify the tested germplasms into three categories, the results of which are basically in line with the origin of the strains. The majority of waxy maize inbred lines used in production and application have a distant genetic relationship with waxy maize landraces in southwestern China . 165 waxy corn germplasms have rich genetic diversity, which can provide the basis for waxy corn hybrid utilization and genetic improvement.