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著作权人自其作品创作完成之时,当然取得完整的著作专有权,包括著作人身权和财产权。根据意思自治原则,且在不违反法律的情形下,著作权人可以自由地行使或支配或处分这种权利,如有偿或无偿转让,允许第三人使用。为规范著作权的行使,保障著作权人的正当利益,有必要给予一定程度上的限制。我国现行《著作权法》第23条、第33条第2款、第40条第3款、第43条第2款以及第44条规定了法定许可制度;同时,本法第22条规定了合理使用制度,这实质上都是对著作权任意行使的限制。本文简析法定许可制度适用情形,基本特征,及其与合理使用制度区别,并针对法定许可制度的缺陷,提出完善建议。
The copyright owner, of course, has acquired the full copyright of his works since the completion of his work, including his personal rights and property rights. Under the principle of autonomy of means, and without prejudice to the law, copyright owners are free to exercise or control or dispose of such rights, such as paid or gratuitous transfers, to third parties. In order to regulate the exercise of copyright and protect the legitimate interests of copyright owners, it is necessary to give some degree of restriction. Article 23, Article 33, paragraph 2, Article 40, paragraph 3, Article 43, paragraph 2, and Article 44 of China’s current Copyright Law provide for a statutory licensing system. Meanwhile, Article 22 of this Law provides for a reasonable The use of the system is essentially a restriction on the arbitrary exercise of copyright. This article analyzes the applicable situation and basic characteristics of the statutory licensing system and their differences from the fair use system, and proposes some suggestions for the defects of the statutory licensing system.