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海德格尔反对柏拉图之后所有哲学家的观点,认为他们只研究具体问题,却不讨论本体论问题。1950年之后,海德格尔对语言的问题,尤其是语言本体论愈加关注。在其代表性作品《在通向语言的途中》中,海氏提出对他所思的语言的基本界说之一:语言作为寂静之音说话。本文首先对海德格尔的语言本体论进行整体分析,指出其“静默”1的特点,进而对语词、听说、遮蔽与解蔽等海德格尔语言观的各主要组成部分及其“静默”加以探究,最后指出,“静默”是海德格尔语言本体论一条看不见的线,贯穿着海德格尔的语言思想。
Heidegger objected to all philosophers after Plato’s point of view, that they only study specific issues, but not ontological issues. After 1950, Heidegger paid more attention to the problems of language, especially ontology of language. In his representative work, “On the Way to Language,” Hay offers one of the basic definitions of the language he thinks: the language speaks as a voice of silence. This paper first analyzes Heidegger’s linguistic ontology as a whole and points out the characteristics of his “silent” 1 and further analyzes the major components of Heidegger’s linguistic viewpoints such as words, hearings, occultations, “Silence” to explore, and finally pointed out that “silence ” is an invisible line of Heidegger’s ontology of language, running through Heidegger’s linguistic thinking.