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摘 要: 本文从路段修缮导致道路网络总通行时间变化的角度,提出衡量修缮路段影响道路网络运行效率的度量指标——道路网络总通行时间增比系数,即路段修缮后道路网络最小总通行时间与路段修缮前道路网络最小总通行时间之间的比值。在此基础上,假设出行者只有到达修缮路段的起点时才获知该路段发生中断的信息,给出道路网络总通行时间增比最小的修缮路段定义及其计算方法,旨在为城市道路改造和道路设计提供依据。 关键词: 信息未知;修缮路段;总通行时间增比
中图分类号:C931 文献标识码:A 文章编号:10035192(2013)06007803 Study on the Selection of Road Section for the Repair Based on
Information Unknown to the Traveller
SU Bing1,2, HUA Chunyan1, YANG Qian1, CUI Xiao1
(1.School of Economics and Management, Xi’an Technological University, Xi’an 710032, China;
2.The State Key Lab for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi’an 710049, China)
Abstract: From the point of the change of the minimum sum travel times of a transportation network by road sections repaired, an enhancement ratio coefficient of sum travel times is present to measure the influence of repairing road sections on transportation network, which is the ratio of minimum sum travel times after road sections repaired to the before. This paper gives the model and algorithm of the repairing road section of minimum enhancement ratio coefficient of the network under the assumption that the traveller can obtain the information of the repairing road section only in reaching the starting vertex of the section, aim to give some suggestions for policymakers to plan road sections.
Key words: information unknown; repairing road section; the enhancement ratio of sum travel times
1 引言
城市道路网络承载着大量的客货运输任务,然而因铺设电缆、管道,道路改扩、维护等需要对路段进行修缮,路段一旦修缮就会发生中断,也会对出行者的正常出行造成严重影响。目前,修缮路段的选择缺乏依据,道路修缮经常处于无序状态。因此,如何设计路段修缮对道路网络运行效率影响的度量指标,并以度量指标为依据,制定路段修缮选择方案具有重要意义。现有相关研究,仅以路段中断对路径的影响[1]、最短路径上的路段中断对道路网络最短路径的影响[2~5]以及路段中断对网络最大流的影响[6]讨论了路径上路段的重要性,以及道路网络中最短路径上路段的重要性[7,8],却并未将理论成果与道路建设和规划中路段修缮的实际相结合,也并未给出修缮路段位置的选择方案。
针对交通网络中修缮路段的选择问题,本文首先从路段修缮导致道路网络总通行时间变化的角度,提出衡量路段修缮对道路网络运行效率影响的度量指标——道路网络总通行时间增比系数,即路段修缮后道路网络最小总通行时间与路段修缮前道路网络最小总通行时间之间的比值。以该度量指标为依据,考虑出行者仅在到达修缮路段的起点时才获知该路段发生中断信息的情形,给出道路网络总通行时间增比最小的修缮路段定义及其计算方法,旨在为城市道路改造和道路设计提供依据。
5 结论
道路无序修缮影响了城市道路网络的运行效率,给出行者造成诸多不便。本文通过分析道路网络中点对间的交通流量,从路段修缮导致网络总通行时间变化的角度,提出衡量修缮路段影响道路网络运行效率的度量指标——道路网络总通行时间增比系数,并以增比系数最小为目标, 在出行者只有到达修缮路段的起点时才获知该路段发生中断信息的情形下,给出道路网络修缮路段的选择方法,旨在为城市道路改造和道路设计提供依据,力求改善道路盲目无序开挖的现状。
参 考 文 献:
[1] 苏兵,徐寅峰.运输过程中路径突发堵塞事件对策研究[J].预测,2005,24(2):7680.
[2]Corley H W, Sha D Y. Most vital links and nodes in weighted networks[J]. Operation Research Letters, 1982, 1(4): 157161.
[3]Nardelli E, Proietti G, Widmayer P. Finding the detourcritical edge of a shortest path between nodes [J]. Information Processing Letters, 1998, 67(1): 5154.
[4]Su B, Xu Q, Xiao P. Finding the antiblock vital edge of a shortest path between two nodes[J]. Journal of Combinatorial Optimization, 2008, 16(2): 173181.
[5]Xiao P, Xu Y, Su B. Finding an antirisk path between two nodes in undirected graphs[J]. Journal of Combinatorial Optimization, 2009, 17(3): 235246.
[6]石超峰,徐寅峰.交通网络最大流关键边[J].系统工程,2009,27(9):5559.
[7]Oyama T, Morohosi H. Applying the shortestpathcounting problem to evaluate the importance of city road segments and the connectedness of the networkstructured system[J]. International Federation of Operational Research Societies, 2004, 11(5): 555573.
[8]闫化海,徐寅峰.道路中断情形下的实时关键边和关键点研究[D].西安:西安交通大学,2006.
[9]Wardrop J G. Some theoretical aspects of road traffic research[A]. Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers, Part II[C]. London, 1952. 325378.
[10] Frank M, Wolfe P. An algorithm for quadratic programming[J]. Naval Research Logistic Quarterly, 1956, (3): 95110.
中图分类号:C931 文献标识码:A 文章编号:10035192(2013)06007803 Study on the Selection of Road Section for the Repair Based on
Information Unknown to the Traveller
SU Bing1,2, HUA Chunyan1, YANG Qian1, CUI Xiao1
(1.School of Economics and Management, Xi’an Technological University, Xi’an 710032, China;
2.The State Key Lab for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi’an 710049, China)
Abstract: From the point of the change of the minimum sum travel times of a transportation network by road sections repaired, an enhancement ratio coefficient of sum travel times is present to measure the influence of repairing road sections on transportation network, which is the ratio of minimum sum travel times after road sections repaired to the before. This paper gives the model and algorithm of the repairing road section of minimum enhancement ratio coefficient of the network under the assumption that the traveller can obtain the information of the repairing road section only in reaching the starting vertex of the section, aim to give some suggestions for policymakers to plan road sections.
Key words: information unknown; repairing road section; the enhancement ratio of sum travel times
1 引言
城市道路网络承载着大量的客货运输任务,然而因铺设电缆、管道,道路改扩、维护等需要对路段进行修缮,路段一旦修缮就会发生中断,也会对出行者的正常出行造成严重影响。目前,修缮路段的选择缺乏依据,道路修缮经常处于无序状态。因此,如何设计路段修缮对道路网络运行效率影响的度量指标,并以度量指标为依据,制定路段修缮选择方案具有重要意义。现有相关研究,仅以路段中断对路径的影响[1]、最短路径上的路段中断对道路网络最短路径的影响[2~5]以及路段中断对网络最大流的影响[6]讨论了路径上路段的重要性,以及道路网络中最短路径上路段的重要性[7,8],却并未将理论成果与道路建设和规划中路段修缮的实际相结合,也并未给出修缮路段位置的选择方案。
针对交通网络中修缮路段的选择问题,本文首先从路段修缮导致道路网络总通行时间变化的角度,提出衡量路段修缮对道路网络运行效率影响的度量指标——道路网络总通行时间增比系数,即路段修缮后道路网络最小总通行时间与路段修缮前道路网络最小总通行时间之间的比值。以该度量指标为依据,考虑出行者仅在到达修缮路段的起点时才获知该路段发生中断信息的情形,给出道路网络总通行时间增比最小的修缮路段定义及其计算方法,旨在为城市道路改造和道路设计提供依据。
5 结论
道路无序修缮影响了城市道路网络的运行效率,给出行者造成诸多不便。本文通过分析道路网络中点对间的交通流量,从路段修缮导致网络总通行时间变化的角度,提出衡量修缮路段影响道路网络运行效率的度量指标——道路网络总通行时间增比系数,并以增比系数最小为目标, 在出行者只有到达修缮路段的起点时才获知该路段发生中断信息的情形下,给出道路网络修缮路段的选择方法,旨在为城市道路改造和道路设计提供依据,力求改善道路盲目无序开挖的现状。
参 考 文 献:
[1] 苏兵,徐寅峰.运输过程中路径突发堵塞事件对策研究[J].预测,2005,24(2):7680.
[2]Corley H W, Sha D Y. Most vital links and nodes in weighted networks[J]. Operation Research Letters, 1982, 1(4): 157161.
[3]Nardelli E, Proietti G, Widmayer P. Finding the detourcritical edge of a shortest path between nodes [J]. Information Processing Letters, 1998, 67(1): 5154.
[4]Su B, Xu Q, Xiao P. Finding the antiblock vital edge of a shortest path between two nodes[J]. Journal of Combinatorial Optimization, 2008, 16(2): 173181.
[5]Xiao P, Xu Y, Su B. Finding an antirisk path between two nodes in undirected graphs[J]. Journal of Combinatorial Optimization, 2009, 17(3): 235246.
[6]石超峰,徐寅峰.交通网络最大流关键边[J].系统工程,2009,27(9):5559.
[7]Oyama T, Morohosi H. Applying the shortestpathcounting problem to evaluate the importance of city road segments and the connectedness of the networkstructured system[J]. International Federation of Operational Research Societies, 2004, 11(5): 555573.
[8]闫化海,徐寅峰.道路中断情形下的实时关键边和关键点研究[D].西安:西安交通大学,2006.
[9]Wardrop J G. Some theoretical aspects of road traffic research[A]. Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers, Part II[C]. London, 1952. 325378.
[10] Frank M, Wolfe P. An algorithm for quadratic programming[J]. Naval Research Logistic Quarterly, 1956, (3): 95110.