一、引言 交通运输业是费用效益分析法(CBA)最早进入常规应用,并成为其决策的组成部分的行业之一。费用效益分析在交通领域的应用已经有了相当长的历史,现在它已经发展成为公路规划、公共交通规划等中最常见的评价方法。费用效益分析在交通领域得到广泛应用的原因是多方面的。一方面,大量相对接近的规划项目需要进行排队,而费用效益分析法作为一种规范的评价体系,比主观判断更具有说服力;另一方面,交 I. INTRODUCTION Transportation is one of the earliest CBAs to enter the routine application and become an integral part of its decision-making. Cost benefit analysis has a long history of application in the transportation field and now it has become the most common method of evaluation in road planning and public transport planning. Cost-benefit analysis is widely used in transportation for many reasons. On the one hand, a large number of relatively close planning projects need to be queued, while cost-benefit analysis as a normative evaluation system is more persuasive than subjective judgment. On the other hand,