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目的研究70后和80后父母对幼儿日常习惯教养方式的特点,为科学育儿提供理论依据。方法采用自编统一问卷对哈尔滨市379名幼儿父母进行日常习惯教养方式的调查。运用SPSS 18.0软件进行统计分析。结果被调查父亲中,80后父亲比例(19.3%)明显低于70后(31.7%)(P<0.05);70后父亲本科及以上学历(64.2%)明显高于80后(52.9%)(P<0.05);70后和80后父母自己带养幼儿分别占74.2%和54.4%(P<0.05);56.7%的母亲每天陪伴孩子玩耍1 h以上,但父亲仅占30.3%;95.5%的幼儿饮食习惯与父母相同,86.5%的父母对幼儿穿着以经济实用为主;90.2%的父母允许幼儿与邻里家庭互动交往,但经常进行户外运动(3次/周)仅占29.8%。结论母亲是家庭教育的主角,父亲教养缺位严重;父母对幼儿日常习惯和社会交往教养比较重视,户外运动需加强。
Objective To study the characteristics of parental rearing patterns after 70s and 80s and to provide a theoretical basis for scientific childbearing. Methods A self-made questionnaire was used to survey the daily habits of 379 parents in Harbin. Using SPSS 18.0 software for statistical analysis. Results The percentage of father after 80 was significantly lower than that after 70 (31.7%) (P <0.05) after 80 years of age (P <0.05). After 70 years, the father’s degree or above was significantly higher (64.2%) than after 80 (52.9%) (P <0.05). After 70 and 80 years, their parents took 74.2% and 54.4% of their children respectively (P <0.05), while 56.7% of the mothers spent more than 1 hour per day with their children, while fathers accounted for only 30.3% and 95.5% Toddlers have the same eating habits as their parents, with 86.5% of parents being economically viable for toddlers and 90.2% of parents allowing toddlers to interact with their neighbors, but only 29.8% of them practice outdoor activities regularly (3 times / week). Conclusion Mother is the protagonist of family education, father lacking in education serious; parents of children’s daily habits and social interaction and education more emphasis on outdoor exercise needs to be strengthened.