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目的寻找食管癌的抑癌基因，揭示食管癌的遗传易感性和癌变原理。方法采用Ｓｏｕ－ｔｈｅｒｎ杂交和ＰＣＲ方法，检测食管癌细胞系中缺失的三个ＤＮＡ片段（１２Ｈ２、３３Ｂ２和３３Ｂ３），在２０例食管癌组织和相应的癌旁组织及三个高危家族成员外周血中的缺失情况。结果在癌和癌旁组织标本中，１２Ｈ２的缺失频率最高，癌组织为６１．１％，癌旁组织为２２．２％，淋巴结转移阳性率为４５．４％；３３Ｂ２分别为３０．０％、１０．０％和５０．０％；３３Ｂ３分别为２０．０％、１０．０％和２５．０％。１２Ｈ２和３３Ｂ３在三个高危家族中未发现种系改变和先证者的体细胞纯合缺失。３３Ｂ２在一个家系的先证者中存在体细胞纯合缺失，但未发现种系改变。结论１２Ｈ２、３３Ｂ２和３３Ｂ３可能为新的食管癌候选抑癌基因，且与食管癌的进展和转移相关。
Objective To find the tumor suppressor genes of esophageal cancer and reveal the genetic susceptibility and the principle of canceration of esophageal cancer. METHODS: Sou-thern hybridization and PCR were used to detect the missing three DNA fragments (12H2, 33B2, and 33B3) in esophageal cancer cell lines. The peripheral blood was detected in 20 esophageal cancer tissues and corresponding adjacent tissues and three high-risk family members. In the absence of information. Results In cancer and paracancerous tissues, the frequency of 12H2 deletion was the highest, 61.1% in cancer tissues, 22.2% in adjacent tissues, 45.4% in lymph node metastases, and 30.0% in 33B2. , 10.0% and 50.0%; 33B3 were 20.0%, 10.0% and 25.0%, respectively. 12H2 and 33B3 did not detect germline alterations and loss of somatic homozygotes in the three high-risk families. 33B2 had a homozygous deletion of somatic cells in the probands of a family, but no germline changes were found. Conclusion 12H2, 33B2 and 33B3 may be new candidate tumor suppressor genes for esophageal cancer, and they are related to the progression and metastasis of esophageal cancer.