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1987年11月,我们对巴西国有企业进行了为期两周的考察,现将有关情况综述如下:目前,巴西约有100万家企业,其中国有企业600多家。巴西国有企业的活动领域主要是公用事业、能源原材料、交通运输、技术服务和金融业,其次是制造业,其管理颇具特色。一、政府对国有企业的管理,主要采取控股公司的形式巴西国有企业一般都实行股份制。国有企业的概念并不是企业资本全部为国家所有,国家股权占51%以上的即为国有企业。国有企业采取多层次控股,其中最大的股东是国家。
In November 1987, we conducted a two-week inspection of state-owned Brazilian companies. The current situation is summarized as follows: At present, there are approximately 1 million enterprises in Brazil, including more than 600 state-owned enterprises. The activities of Brazilian state-owned enterprises are mainly in the fields of public utilities, energy, raw materials, transportation, technical services, and finance, followed by manufacturing, and their management is unique. 1. The government’s management of state-owned enterprises mainly takes the form of holding companies. Brazilian state-owned enterprises generally implement joint-stock systems. The concept of state-owned enterprises is not that the company’s capital is owned by the state. State-owned companies account for more than 51% of the state-owned enterprises. State-owned enterprises adopt multi-level control, of which the largest shareholder is the country.