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中国传统社会的特点之一是＂家国同构＂。经过宋元明清数百年的发展，最终形成了三大系列基层社会组织纵横依赖、士绅官僚上下流动的双重统治格局。本文通过考察１９世纪中期战乱以前安徽上下层统治结构的相互依赖和双重统治结构中力量对比的变化，为认识中国传统社会独特的政权结构、统治秩序及其发展趋势提供了一个鲜活的标本。
One of the characteristics of Chinese traditional society is “the same homeland.” After the development of the Song, Yuan and Ming dynasties for hundreds of years, the dual-domination pattern that the three major grassroots social organizations became dependent on each other and the gentry bureaucrats flowed up and down was finally formed. By examining the interdependence of the upper and lower ruling structures in Anhui before the mid-19th-century war and the changes in the balance of power in the dual dominance structure, this paper provides a vivid specimen for understanding the unique political power structure, ruling order and its development trend in traditional Chinese society.