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一九七八年全国高考语文试题,有一道填空题是这样的:这个时候,什么个人得失、安危、荣()、毁()一句话,一切有关“自我”的概念,仿佛全不存在了。这道试题,就湖北省的考卷来看,填对的非常之少。很多考生填作“荣(誉)、荣(耀)、毁(谤)、毁(灭)”。据了解,其他地区的情况也差不多。这道试题,运用了由意义相反的词素(即构词成分)“得、失、安、危、荣、辱、毁、誉”构成的四个双音合成词“得失、安危、荣辱、毁誉”,前两个写出来了,如果考生有点构词法常识,稍懂文理,循此以思,就可以想到后两个应该是“荣辱”、“毁誉”,而不至填作
In the 1978 Chinese National Entrance Exam Questions, there was a blank-filling question like this: At this time, what personal gains and losses, safety, honours (repairs), ruin (), all the concepts of “self” seemed to be absent. . In this test, from the perspective of the examination papers in Hubei Province, there are very few to fill in. Many candidates fill in “Rong (Fame), Rong (Yao), Destroy (Ying), Destroy (Destroy)”. It is understood that the situation in other regions is similar. This test paper uses four di-syllables composed of “retrieve, loss, safety, danger, honor, disgrace, ruin, and reputation” that are made up of the opposite meaning morpheme (ie, the word formation component) “gain, loss, safety, honor and disgrace. The first two were written out. If candidates take a bit of lexical knowledge and understand literature and art, and think through it, one can think of the latter two as “honor and disgrace” and not to be filled in