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骨髓基质干细胞是一种多潜能干细胞,能自我复制并能分化为多种细胞系,目前被广泛用于再生医学的研究。在体外,经过一定细胞因子和细胞外基质的诱导,可定向分化为血管内皮细胞;在体内,骨髓基质干细胞被移植到缺血区后可发生血管生成。故临床上骨髓基质干细胞可用于少血管或无血管区的血管构建和受损组织的修复,但也可引起血管再狭窄、肿瘤生长等不良后果。该文就骨髓基质干细胞向内皮细胞分化的诱导条件、分子机制、临床应用等进行综述。
Bone marrow stromal stem cells, a pluripotent stem cell that can self-replicate and differentiate into a variety of cell lines, are now widely used in regenerative medicine research. In vitro, after certain cytokines and extracellular matrix induction, can be differentiated into vascular endothelial cells; in vivo, bone marrow stromal cells can be transplanted into the ischemic area after angiogenesis. Therefore, clinical bone marrow stromal stem cells can be used for the construction of blood vessels in the vascular or avascular zone and the repair of damaged tissues, but also can cause the adverse effects of restenosis of blood vessels and tumor growth. This article reviews the induction conditions, molecular mechanisms and clinical application of bone marrow stromal stem cells to endothelial cells.