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目的：探讨早期动脉粥样硬化的血管造影征象，以达到临床早期诊断、预防及治疗，材料与方法：（1）采用雄性新西兰白兔20只，每只2kg左右，均为3月龄，随机分A、B两组，A组为普通饲料喂养，作为对照组；B组用含1％胆固醇兔饲料喂养，作为高胆固醇血症、早期动脉粥样硬化模型；喂养时间均为10周；（2）10周末对兔进行股动脉造影，观察其对血管活性药物乙酰胆碱等的反应；（3）取股动脉标本进行电镜超微结构观察；（4）10周末测定两组兔血总胆固醇、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白水平。结果：（1）A组兔血胆固醇检测正常，股动脉造影无异常，注入乙酰胆碱，血管呈舒张性反应。（2）B组兔呈高胆固醇血症，股动脉标本电镜观察有早期动脉粥样硬化改变，股动脉造影形态无异常，注入乙酰胆碱，血管呈收缩性反应。结论：血管活性药物乙酰胆碱引起的血管收缩性反应可作为早期动脉粥样硬化诊断的一个指征，对于临床可疑动脉硬化患者血管造影未显示形态变化时，动脉内注入乙酰胆碱观察其舒缩反应，可以做为诊断早期动脉粥样硬化的方法之一。
Objective: To investigate the early atherosclerosis angiography in order to achieve early clinical diagnosis, prevention and treatment, Materials and Methods: (1) 20 New Zealand white rabbits, each about 2kg, all 3 months old, randomized The rats in group A were fed with normal feed as control group. Group B was fed with 1% cholesterol rabbit feed as hypercholesterolemia and early atherosclerosis model. The feeding time was 10 weeks. 2) 10 weeks after the rabbit femoral artery angiography to observe its response to the vasoactive drugs such as acetylcholine; (3) take the femoral artery specimens electron microscopy ultrastructure observation; (4) 10 weekend determination of blood total cholesterol, glycerol Triester, high density lipoprotein levels. Results: (1) A group of rabbit blood cholesterol test was normal, no abnormal femoral artery angiography, acetylcholine infusion, blood vessels were dilated. (2) Rabbits in group B showed hypercholesterolemia, and the changes of early atherosclerosis in the femoral artery were observed by electron microscopy. There was no abnormal angiography in the femoral artery. Acetylcholine was injected into the rabbits and the contractile response was observed. Conclusion: The vasoconstrictive response induced by acetylcholine can be used as an indicator of the early diagnosis of atherosclerosis. When angiography does not show morphological changes in patients with suspected arteriosclerosis, acetylcholine is injected into the artery to observe the contractile response. As one of the methods to diagnose early atherosclerosis.