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目的:了解问卷调查在我国医学教育研究领域的应用现状，并对问卷质量进行评价和分析。方法:以2018年12月至2019年11月，《中华医学教育杂志》和《中华医学教育探索杂志》连续出版的12期期刊为样本，筛选基于问卷调查的原创性研究，对问卷调查的设计、开发、实施等相关资料进行收集和分析。结果:212篇原创研究将问卷调查作为研究方法之一，68篇可纳入分析(含73个问卷调查表)，其中，分别有18个和20个问卷调查表报道了效度和信度资料，33个问卷调查报道了问卷回收率。对58个采用李克特选项的问卷调查表进行5个方面的质量分析，17.2%(10/58)的问卷调查表未犯任何设计错误。结论:问卷调查在我国医学教育研究领域应用广泛，但问卷调查的质量仍有待提高。问卷调查表的题干及选项设置容易出现错误，加强对问卷调查的设计、开发、实施、信度、效度资料等研究信息的披露，有助于准确传递学术信息。“,”Objective:Surveys are widely used in medical education research, yet little is known about the quality of the instruments employed. This study evaluated the quality of published survey instruments in the field of medical education in China.Methods:The project covers original research articles that employed at least one survey which is published in two high-impact Chinese journals in the field of medical education from December 2018 to November 2019. The descriptive data on the design, development and implementation of surveys, as well as the quality of survey items were collected and assessed independently.Results:Totally 212 articles employed surveys as research method, 68 articles included 73 surveys met inclusion criteria. Response rate, validity and reliability evidence were reported in 33, 18 and 20 surveys, respectively. Item-quality assessment revealed that 17.2% (10/58) articles did not violate established best practices in the design of Likert-type rating items.Conclusions:Although surveys were commonly used in medical education research in China, their quality need to be improved. The setting of questions and options in the questionnaire was prone to errors. Aimed to improve the quality of survey and facilitate the delivery of academic information, detail information regarding the design, development and implementation of surveys should be reported.