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目的探讨健康相关性行为与肺结核发病的关系,揭示肺结核危险因素。方法采用病例对照设计,应用自行设计的问卷调查济宁市136例肺结核病例和149例对照的健康相关行为及其它肺结核潜在危险因素情况,并进行单因素和多因素条件Logistic回归分析。结果多因素条件Logistic回归分析显示,接种卡介苗(OR=0.168,OR95%CI:0.086～0.327,P=0.000)是肺结核发病的保护性因素,结核病人接触史(OR=2.405,OR95%CI:1.113～5.200,P=0.026)、心理健康程度低(OR=1.983,OR95%CI:1.277～3.080,P=0.002)、吸烟(OR=6.282,OR95%CI:3.188～12.382,P=0.000)和已戒烟(OR=9.938,OR95%CI:2.851～34.634,P=0.000)是肺结核危险因素。结论接种卡介苗能够有效预防肺结核,而接触结核病人、吸烟以及心理健康程度低都是肺结核发病的危险因素。
Objective To explore the relationship between health-related behaviors and the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis and to reveal the risk factors for tuberculosis. Methods A case-control study was designed. The health-related behaviors of 136 tuberculosis cases and 149 control cases in Jining City were investigated with self-designed questionnaires. Other univariate and multivariate conditional logistic regression analyzes were performed. Results The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that BCG vaccination (OR = 0.168, OR95% CI: 0.086-0.327, P = 0.000) was a protective factor in the pathogenesis of pulmonary tuberculosis. The history of exposure to tuberculosis patients (OR = 2.405, OR95% CI: 1.113 (OR = 6.282, OR 95% CI: 3.188 ~ 12.382, P = 0.000) and had a significant difference (P = 0.0005, P = 0.000) Smoking cessation (OR = 9.938, OR 95% CI: 2.851 ~ 34.634, P = 0.000) was a risk factor for tuberculosis. Conclusion Bacille Calmette-Guerin vaccination can effectively prevent tuberculosis. However, exposure to TB patients, smoking and low mental health are all risk factors for tuberculosis.