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美国翻译理论家尤金·奈达(Eugene A.Nida)的等效翻译理论自问世以来,在国内外翻译界都产生了深远的影响。他运用了意义上的成分分析理论(componential analysisof meaning)和语言功能理论(functions of language),创造性地运用乔姆斯基的转换生成语法理论、所指意义与内涵意义理论,建立了动态对等(dynamic equivalence)和读者反应理论(reader’s response)。前者就是我们俗称的等效原则。不同的原文类型在翻译的过程中由于其自身的特点会遇到不同的难题,而科技作品的翻译与其他类型文章的翻译相比,在追求“等效”上有着较明显的优势。本文将从文化及语言文字的选择技巧上来阐述科技作品的这种优势。
The equivalent translation theory of the American translation theorist Eugene A. Nida has had a profound influence both at home and abroad since its publication. He applied the sense of componential analysis of meaning and functions of language to creatively use Chomsky’s transformation to generate grammatical theory, meaning and connotation meaning theory, and establish dynamic equivalence (dynamic equivalence) and reader’s response theory (reader’s response). The former is what we commonly call the equivalent principle. Different types of original texts encounter different problems due to their own characteristics during the process of translation. However, the translation of scientific and technical works has obvious advantages in the pursuit of “equivalent” compared with the translation of other types of texts. This article will explain the advantages of science and technology works from the selection techniques of culture and language.