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研制一种安全有效并能广泛使用的HIV疫苗对于预防和控制HIV的流行具有重要的意义。尽管人类在HIV-1病原学和免疫学方面的认识不断取得新的进步,对于HIV-1而言,普遍认为诱导保护性中和抗体的科学障碍很难逾越。在抗击HIV-1的感染中传统的疫苗策略不能提供保护。然而,近来的研究揭示在小部分HIV-1感染病人的血清中存在的某些抗体能够中和大多数的HIV-1毒株,对这些血清抗体的深入分析有助于人们揭示抗体识别的病毒表位,这些研究表明自然产生的能够中和HIV-1的中和抗体的发现可能引导未来疫苗设计的思路。高分辨率的结构信息将揭示Env和中和抗体(Nab)结合区原子水平的结构,这些信息能够帮助设计更好的免疫原。
Developing a safe, effective and widely available HIV vaccine is of great importance for the prevention and control of the HIV epidemic. Despite new advances in human understanding of HIV-1 etiology and immunology, it is generally accepted by HIV-1 that the scientific barriers to the induction of protective neutralizing antibodies are difficult to overcome. Traditional vaccine strategies do not provide protection in the fight against HIV-1 infection. However, recent studies have revealed that certain antibodies present in the sera of a small number of HIV-1-infected patients are capable of neutralizing most of the HIV-1 strains. In-depth analysis of these serum antibodies may help to reveal the virus recognized by the antibody These findings suggest that the discovery of naturally occurring neutralizing antibodies that neutralize HIV-1 may lead to future ideas for vaccine design. High-resolution structural information will reveal the structure of the atomic level of Env and neutralizing antibody (Nab) binding regions, which can help design better immunogens.