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高原训练构成因素中,最核心的因素是训练的量和强度。以往高原训练失败的原因,大多将其归咎于缺乏对运动员的身体机能进行科学的控制以及强度控制不当所致。Mester(2003年)对近15年来国际上150项高原训练研究结果的分析认为,迫切需要建立评价高原训练时的个体负荷强度与负荷量的科学指标。因此,为探讨高原训练个体负荷强度、负荷量的监控手段,促进个性化的高原训练,通过对我国优秀游泳运动员赛前3周高原训练的研究,找出高原训练的负荷规律,希望为广大教练员和运动员在高原训练的负荷安排、科学监控以及个性化的训练方面,提供科学的理论及实践参考。
Among the components of plateau training, the core factor is the amount and intensity of training. In the past, the reasons for the failure of plateau training were mostly attributed to the lack of scientific control of athletes’ bodily functions and improper strength control. Mester (2003) analyzed the results of 150 international plateau training studies in the past 15 years and concluded that there is an urgent need to establish scientific indicators for assessing the individual load intensity and load during altitude training. Therefore, in order to explore the monitoring methods of individual load intensity and load in plateau training and to promote individualized plateau training, this paper studies the plateau training practices of elite swimmers in China three weeks before the competition to find out the load regulation of plateau training. The athletes and athletes provide scientific and theoretical references for practical training in altitude training, scientific monitoring and individual training.