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目的分析海地瓜的营养成分,探讨其降血脂功能。方法用高效液相色谱等技术分析了海地瓜的营养成分并同刺参进行了比较。以高脂饲料喂养雄性SD大鼠,建立高脂血症模型,观察海地瓜对肝指数和脂肪系数的变化情况及大鼠血脂水平、血清抗氧化功能的影响。结果海地瓜粗脂肪含量明显低于刺参,仅为0.43%,氨基酸含量丰富,包含人体所需的8种必需氨基酸,所测氨基酸中大部分含量高于刺参。海地瓜能显著降低大鼠肝指数和脂肪系数,能显著降低饲喂高脂饲料大鼠血清总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、动脉硬化指数(LDL-C/HDL-C)水平,升高高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)和动脉硬化指数(HDL-C/TC)值;能提高血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)的活性,并能降低血清丙二醛(MDA)和游离脂肪酸(NEFA)含量。结论海地瓜氨基酸含量丰富,粗脂肪含量低,具有调节降低血脂水平和增强抗氧化功能的作用,可减少高脂膳食导致的氧化损伤。它是一种非常好的保健品原料,在某些方面可替代目前价位最高的刺参。
Objective To analyze the nutritional content of Haitian melon and explore its hypolipidemic function. Methods The nutrient components of Haitian melon were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and compared with sea cucumber. The male SD rats were fed with high-fat diet, and the model of hyperlipidemia was established. The changes of liver index and fat index and the level of serum lipids and serum anti-oxidant function of Haitian melon were observed. Results The crude fat content of Haitian melon was significantly lower than that of sea cucumber (0.43%). The content of amino acid was rich, including 8 kinds of essential amino acids needed by human body. Most of the measured amino acids were higher than that of sea cucumber. Haitian melon can significantly reduce the rat liver index and fat coefficient, can significantly reduce high fat diet rats serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), atherosclerosis (LDL-C / HDL-C), increase HDL-C and HDL-C / TC, increase serum glutathione peroxidase (GSH -Px) activity, and can reduce serum malondialdehyde (MDA) and free fatty acid (NEFA) content. Conclusion The amino acid content of Haitian melon is rich and the content of crude fat is low, which can regulate and lower the level of blood lipid and enhance the anti-oxidant function, which can reduce the oxidative damage caused by high fat diet. It is a very good raw material for health products, in some ways to replace the highest price of sea cucumber.