The objective of this paper is to establish the state of knowledge on fast pyrolysis of bio-oil and bio-asphalt binder and to facilitate efforts in improving the overall performance of bio-asphalt and maximizing its road application.On the basis of reviewing the relevant literature recently,the fast pyrolysis (FasP) preparation process of bio-oil and its main properties,the preparation process of bio-asphalt and its performance and the application of bio-asphalt have been summarized.Due to the variations in raw materials,the adopted methods of FasP to prepare bio-oil could be different,and the properties of bio-oil from different sources are also different.At present,the plant-based bio-oil (mainly derived from wood waste and sawdust) has been widely used to prepare the bio-asphalt.Research on the low-temperature flexibility,high-temperature rheology,workability and other performance of biological asphalt showed that the workability and high-temperature performance of most asphalt are improved after adding bio-oil.However,the low-temperature performance is found to relatively reduce.Also,with regards to its application as a rejuvenator,bio-oil can considerably rejuvenate the aged asphalt’s mixture performance.By far,most of research on bio-asphalt is still focused on the performance of bio-asphalt binder in the laboratory;its application in practical road engineering is still to be examined.This review also provides an outlook for the future,for example,establishing an integrated preparation process from bio-oil to bio-asphalt,and evaluating the properties of bio-asphalt by new standards.