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目的分析洞庭湖水域出产的常见可食用淡水鱼多种主要脂肪酸的含量。方法于洞庭湖水域采集当地常见可食用淡水鱼(每种3~4份样品),提取总脂后以气相色谱法分析其各种脂肪酸含量。结果共采集12种淡水鱼类,其总脂含量占可食部范围为1.14%(鳙鱼)~7.55%(黄颡鱼),绝大多数鱼种含量最多的饱和脂肪酸、单不饱和脂肪酸、n-6和n-3多不饱和脂肪酸分别为棕榈酸、油酸、亚油酸和二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)。DHA含量(mg/100 g可食部)均值范围为19.7(鳝鱼)~358.4(长吻鮠)。二十碳五烯酸(EPA)(r=0.523,P<0.000 1)、二十二碳五烯酸(r=0.462,P=0.000 3)和DHA(r=0.576,P<0.000 1)含量分别与总脂含量相关。结论洞庭湖水域常见淡水鱼脂含量及脂肪酸含量具有明显种属差异性,部分鱼种可以作为EPA和DHA的良好膳食来源而被推荐。
Objective To analyze the contents of many major fatty acids in edible freshwater fish produced in Dongting Lake waters. Methods Common edible freshwater fish (3 ~ 4 samples each) were collected from the Dongting Lake watershed. Total fatty acids were extracted by gas chromatography. Results A total of 12 species of freshwater fish were collected, accounting for 1.14% of the total edible fish (Catfish) ~ 7.55% of the total edible fish (Catfish), most saturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids n-6 and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids are palmitic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), respectively. DHA content (mg / 100 g edible part) Mean range 19.7 (eel) ~ 358.4 (long kiss 鮠). Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) (r = 0.523, P <0.0001), docosapentaenoic acid (r = 0.462, P = 0.0003) and DHA Respectively, with the total lipid content. Conclusion Common freshwater fish fat content and fatty acid content in Dongting Lake waters have obvious species differences. Some fish species can be recommended as good dietary sources of EPA and DHA.