目的　探讨移植神经干细胞对脊髓全横断性大鼠部分结构与功能修复的影响。　方法　在脊髓全横断处移植神经干细胞 6 0d后 ,在横断处下方 3mm注射荧光金逆行标记轴突再生的上运动神经元 ,用免疫组织化学检测神经干细胞在宿主内的分化 ,同时用体视学方法观测脑干红核和大脑皮质感觉运动区内锥体细胞层的神经元密度变化。用BBB评分法和爬网格法观测大鼠后肢运动功能的恢复等。　结果　移植的神经干细胞能在宿主内存活并向前后方向迁移到脊髓内 ,部分神经干细胞分化为GFAP、NF 2 0 0和GAP 4 3阳性细胞。移植神经干细胞后在红核和感觉运动区内锥体细胞层可见有被荧光金标记的神经元胞体 ,脊髓横断处附近脊髓组织的溃变程度减轻 ,红核及躯体感觉运动区内神经元密度高于未移植组 ,大鼠后肢的自主运动功能明显好于未移植组。　结论　神经干细胞移植入损伤脊髓后能分化为神经元及神经胶质细胞 ,能减轻脊髓的继发性损伤 ,保护受损伤的神经元 ,促进运动功能的恢复 Objective To investigate the effect of transplanted neural stem cells on part of the structure and function of spinal cord transected rats. Methods The neural stem cells were transplanted on the axons of the spinal cord at 6 mm after transplanted completely at the spinal cord. The upper axons regenerated from the axons were fluorescently labeled with fluorescein 3 mm below the transection, and the differentiation of neural stem cells in the host was detected by immunohistochemistry. Methods The changes of neuron density in the pyramidal cells in the sensory zone of the brainstem nucleus accumbens and cerebral cortex were observed. BBB score and creep grid method to observe the recovery of rat hindlimb motor function. Results Transplanted NSCs survived in the host and migrated to the spinal cord in the anteroposterior direction. Some neural stem cells differentiated into GFAP, NF 2 0 0 and GAP 4 3-positive cells. Transplantation of neural stem cells in the nucleus accumbens and sensory motor area within the pyramidal cell layer can be seen with fluorescent gold-labeled neurons, spinal cord transection near the spinal cord tissue degeneration, mitochondria and somatosensory motor neuron density Higher than the non-transplanted group, autonomic motor function of hindlimb in rats was significantly better than that of non-transplanted group. Conclusion Transplantation of neural stem cells into spinal cord can differentiate into neurons and glial cells, which can lessen the secondary damage to the spinal cord, protect the injured neurons and promote the recovery of motor function