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目的:通过建立包含颞下颌关节的颅颌面三维有限元模型,模拟前方牵引矫治器反作用力的加力方式,分析其在颞下颌关节区、颌骨的应力分布情况以及对各部位节点位移的影响。方法:选择1名健康男性受试者,通过CT扫描得到颅颌面的二维图像数据,借助Mimics、Magics、MSC等专用软件,采用连续、均质、线性、各向同性的线弹性材料,建立包括颞下颌关节和上、下颌骨的颅颌面三维有限元模型。然后在此基础上,根据前方牵引装置的反作用力原理建立加力模型,即采用与平面成后上方37°的施力方向,于下颌最底部加载3~6 N的力值,采用ANSYS10.0有限元分析软件,测定颞下颌关节区、颌骨的应力分布情况以及各部分位移的变化,并对结果进行分析、归纳和整理。结果:在同一角度下,关节窝和髁突头、颈部应力随加载力的增大而增大,下颌最大应力出现在节点力加载部位颏部,上颌最大应力出现在刚性固定面。同时该模型出现微小的位移变化,颅颌面各部分位移随节点力的增大而增大,颅上颌位移由颅底部和平面向颅顶部逐渐减小,下颌骨的位移由前部到后部逐渐减小,并出现顺时针方向旋转。结论:前方牵引矫治器对颞下颌关节区及颌骨产生反作用力的影响,且随着加载力的增大,其产生的反作用力和形变随之增大。颏部可能出现变形,下颌顺时针方向旋转。
OBJECTIVE: To establish the model of cranio-maxillofacial three-dimensional finite element model of temporomandibular joint to simulate the force exerting force of reaction force of frontal traction appliance and analyze the stress distribution in temporomandibular joint area and jawbone and the displacement of each site influences. Methods: One healthy male subject was selected. Two-dimensional images of the cranio-maxillofacial region were obtained by CT scanning. Using continuous, homogeneous, linear and isotropic linear elastic materials with special softwares such as Mimics, Magics and MSC, To establish a three-dimensional finite element model of the cranio-maxillofacial region including temporomandibular joint and upper and mandible. Based on this, the force model is established according to the reaction principle of the front traction device. That is to say, a force of 3 ~ 6 N is applied to the bottom of the lower jaw with a force direction of 37 ° above and to the plane, using ANSYS10. 0 finite element analysis software to determine the temporomandibular joint area, mandibular stress distribution and changes in the displacement of each part, and the results were analyzed, summarized and collated. Results: Under the same angle, the maxillary stress of the joint and condylar head and neck increased with the increase of the loading force. The maximal stress of the mandible appeared in the chin of the node where the force was applied. The maximum stress of the maxilla appeared on the rigid fixation surface. At the same time, the model showed slight displacement changes, the displacement of each part of cranio-maxillofacial region increased with the increase of nodal force, and the displacement of cranial maxilla decreased from the base of skull to the top of skull. The displacement of mandible from front to back Department gradually reduced, and clockwise rotation. Conclusion: The effect of anterior traction appliance on the reaction force in the temporomandibular joint area and mandible, and the reaction forces and deformations increase with the increase of loading force. The chin may be deformed, the mandible clockwise rotation.