论文部分内容阅读
干细胞来源的外泌体及微囊泡等纳米级细胞外囊泡，通过携带生物活性物质在细胞间进行信息传递，发挥促进组织再生等作用，在再生治疗中有良好的前景。大量研究显示，干细胞细胞外囊泡能促进骨再生，其机制包括抑制缺血缺氧引起的骨细胞坏死，促进干细胞增殖、迁移和成骨分化，促进血管生成等；进一步研究证实，微RNA等成分可能在其中发挥调节作用。本文就干细胞外泌体及微囊泡等细胞外囊泡的分泌、组成、功能及其在骨再生治疗中的机制及应用研究进展进行综述。“,”Stem cell-derived exosomes and microvesicles are nanoscale extracellular vesicles which have merged as mediators of intercellular communication through delivering bioactive substances. They have showed promising potential in regenerative therapy due to their capacity in promoting tissue regeneration. It has been reported that stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles could enhance bone regeneration. The underlying mechanisms included inhibiting osteocyte apoptosis induced by ischemia and hypoxia, enhancing the proliferation, migration, and osteogenic differentiation of stem cells, and promoting angiogenesis. Further investigations indicated that microRNA seemed to play an important role in exosome-mediated regeneration. In this review, we summarized the biogenesis, components and functions of stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles as well as the current progress of their mechanisms and applications in bone regeneration.