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目的了解河南省郑州市、新乡市、濮阳市、开封市4个地区中小学生疑似近视状况,为视力预防保健提供依据。方法利用2008年河南省4个地区20 148名7～18岁中小学生的体质与健康调研数据,分析疑似近视患病状况。结果 20 148名中小学生中,疑似近视检出率为49.8%;女生(53.3%)高于男生(46.2%),城市学生(57.9%)高于乡村学生(41.9%),且随年龄增长疑似近视检出率呈上升趋势,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。不同身高水平疑似近视检出率男生在7～15岁组、女生在8～14岁组间差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05),且男、女生均表现为身高发育水平较高者疑似近视检出率亦较高。结论河南省中小学生疑似近视检出率存在性别、城乡、学段差异,且随着年龄增长呈逐渐增高趋势。在青春发育突增期,相同年龄、不同身高水平学生疑似近视检出率存在差异。
Objective To understand the status of suspected myopia of primary and secondary school students in four districts of Zhengzhou, Xinxiang, Puyang and Kaifeng in Henan Province, and provide the basis for prevention and care of vision. Methods The data of 20 148 primary and secondary school students from 7 to 18 years old in 4 districts in Henan Province were used to analyze the prevalence of suspected myopia. Results The prevalence of suspected myopia was 49.8% in 20 148 pupils, 53.3% in girls, 46.2% in boys, 57.9% in urban students, and 41.9% in urban students Myopia detection rate showed an upward trend, the differences were statistically significant (P all <0.05). There were significant differences in the detection rate of suspected myopia between male and female boys at 7-15 years old and girls at 8-14 years old (P <0.05), and the male and female students showed higher height development Suspected myopia detection rate is also higher. Conclusion The detection rate of suspected myopia in primary and secondary school students in Henan Province varies from sex to urban to rural and from school to school, and gradually increases with age. In the period of sudden development of adolescence, the detection rate of suspected myopia of students of the same age and different height level is different.