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《矿产资源法》在立法理念、框架体系和核心制度上存在的问题给我国矿产资源开发利用和保护的法治化造成了阻碍。在法律模式上,修订后的《矿法》应当是一部能够兼容公共利益和私权利,兼具民法和行政法属性的完整性法律。厘清包含在矿产资源开发利用中三组法理关系,即所有权与用益物权关系、利益分享关系、资源开发与资源安全和环境保护关系,是《矿产资源法》修改的前提。矿业权、矿产资源税费、矿产资源规划、矿产资源储量、矿山环境保护和法律责任等方面是《矿法》修改的重心。
The problems existing in the legislation concept, framework system and core system of “Mineral Resources Law” have hindered the legalization of exploitation, utilization and protection of mineral resources in our country. In the legal model, the revised “Mining Law” should be an integrity law that is compatible with both public and private rights and combines the attributes of civil and administrative law. To clarify the three legal jurisdictions included in the exploitation and utilization of mineral resources, that is, the relationship between ownership and usufructuary right, the relationship of benefit sharing, the relationship between resource development and resource security and environmental protection, is the prerequisite for the revision of the Mineral Resources Law. Mining rights, taxes and fees for mineral resources, mineral resources planning, mineral resources reserves, mine environmental protection and legal responsibilities are the focuses of the revision of the Mining Law.