比较优势理论认为,只要贸易双方都按照自身的比较优势进行分工和合作,则最终的结果对于贸易双方来说都是有利的。但在现实生活中,贸易双方往往没有遵循比较优势理论进行分工。出现这种社会现象的根源在于缺乏有效的利益制约制度。本文分析了这种制度缺乏的原因,并提出了完善它的基本思路。 The theory of comparative advantage holds that as long as both parties in the trade divide and cooperate according to their own comparative advantages, the final result will be favorable to both sides of the trade. However, in real life, both trade parties often fail to divide their labor according to the theory of comparative advantage. The root cause of this social phenomenon is the lack of an effective system of interest control. This article analyzes the reasons for the lack of such a system and puts forward the basic idea of ​​perfecting it.