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句子是语言的使用单位,人们说话或写文章,都是以句子作为基本单位的,只有一句完整的话,才能表达一个相对完整的思想内容,传递一个简单的信息,完成一次简单的交际任务。句子是由一个词或者一个短语(词组)带上一定的语调(有时还要带上一定的语气词)构成的。由单个词构成的句子比较少,而且这种句子对语言环境的依赖性很大,离开了一定的语言环境,它就不能明确的表达意思。例如同学们坐在教室里,老师进来上课,值日生叫一声“起立!”在这个语言环境下,大家都知道是什么意思。如果几个人在路上走着,忽然有一个人叫一声“起立”,别人就会感到莫名其妙。
Sentences are the units of language use. When people speak or write articles, they use sentences as the basic unit. Only a complete sentence can express a relatively complete ideological content, convey a simple message, and complete a simple communication task. A sentence is composed of a word or a phrase (phrase) with a certain tone (sometimes with a certain modality). A sentence composed of a single word is relatively few, and such a sentence has a great dependence on the language environment. Without a certain language environment, it cannot clearly express the meaning. For example, when the students are sitting in the classroom, the teacher enters the class and yells “stand up!” in the language. Everyone knows what this means. If several people are walking on the road, suddenly one person will cry “rise” and others will feel puzzled.