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近年来放免诊断及治疗广泛应用于临床,并已取得良好的疗效.但由于人源性单抗极难获得,目前应用的导向载体主要是鼠源性单抗.鼠单抗是异源性的大分子蛋白质,具有免疫原性,可刺激机体产生人抗鼠抗体(HAMA).HAMA形成后可与再次注入的鼠单抗结合,使之失去生物导向作用并引起过敏反应及肾功能损害等毒副作用,妨碍了放免诊断及治疗的广泛应用.本文综述了国内外有关HAMA的形成、对放免治疗的影响、预防HAMA形成的方法及避免HAMA对放免诊断、治疗的影响及措施的研究状况.
In recent years, radioimmunoassay and treatment have been widely used in clinical practice, and good results have been achieved. However, human-derived monoclonal antibodies are extremely difficult to obtain, and currently used targeting vectors are mainly mouse-derived monoclonal antibodies. Mouse monoclonal antibodies are heterogeneous. Large-molecule proteins, which are immunogenic, can stimulate the body to produce human anti-mouse antibody (HAMA). After the formation of HAMA, it can be combined with the reinfused murine monoclonal antibody, causing it to lose its biological guiding effect and cause allergic reactions and renal dysfunction. Side effects hinder the wide application of radioimmunoassay and treatment. This article reviews the domestic and international studies on the formation of HAMA, its impact on radioimmunotherapy, methods for preventing the formation of HAMA, and the impact of HAMA on radioimmunoassay and treatment and measures.