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在工业化、城市化的进程中,个人主义话语催生了具有自我意识的理性的个人,并在个人的基础上建构起了工业社会,形成了自我中心主义的行为取向和竞争文化。但是,它却在20世纪后期将人类引入了风险社会和危机事件频发的境地。全球化、后工业化将是对个人主义话语的根本扬弃,所要确立起的是人的共生共在理念。面对社会的高度复杂性和高度不确定性,无论是个人还是组织,都将以“他在性”取代自我中心主义取向,人的集体行动形式也将是合作行动,而合作制组织就是行动者。全球化、后工业化向我们展示出的是合作行动的必要性,一种新型的合作文化必将取代竞争文化而对人的共生共在提供支持。在合作行动中,“他在性”取向将把行动者形塑成道德化的存在物,合作而不是竞争的文化将为人的共生共在提供切实保障,使人的共生共在获得现实性。
In the process of industrialization and urbanization, the individualist discourse has spawned individuals with self-conscious rationality and constructed an industrial society on an individual basis to form an egocentric behavioral orientation and a competitive culture. However, it introduced humankind into a precarious society and crisis-prone situations in the late twentieth century. Globalization and post-industrialization will be the fundamental sublation of individualist discourse. What we want to establish is the concept of human symbiosis. Faced with the high degree of complexity and uncertainty in society, both individuals and organizations will replace their egocentric orientation with “others in nature,” and the form of collective action of people will also be a cooperative action. However, the cooperative organizations Is the actor. Globalization and post-industrialization show us the necessity of cooperative action. A new type of cooperative culture will surely replace the competition culture and support human symbiosis. In cooperative actions, “he is sexual” will shape actors into moralized beings. Cooperation and not culture of competition will provide effective protection for people’s symbiosis and enable people’s symbiosis to gain reality Sex.