论文部分内容阅读
目的:分析心尖肥厚型心肌病(AHCM)患者的临床特征及冠状动脉造影特点。方法收集我院99例AHCM患者的在院情况,并对其临床特征、冠状动脉造影特点进行归纳分析。结果选择2002年3月至2014年8月就诊于沈阳军区总医院,经左室造影证实为AHCM患者99例,占同期住院肥厚型心肌病患者的25.9%(99/382),入选患者平均年龄(54.0±11.5)岁,其中男性69例(69.7%)。临床症状主要以胸闷74例(74.7%)、呼吸困难54例(54.5%)、心绞痛50例(50.5%)及心悸28例(28.3%)为主。合并高血压病35例(35.4%),糖尿病12例(12.1%),高脂血症4例(4.0%)。12导联心电图呈窦性心律,左室高电压72例(72.7%),深大、对称的负向T波80例(80.8%),最深倒置达2.4 mv。彩色多普勒超声心动图:心尖部心肌厚度(19±8)mm,室间隔厚度(16±5)mm,左室流出道压力阶差(40±49)mmHg。左心室造影提示心尖部呈不同程度增厚,最大厚度40 mm,左心室造影形态呈黑桃征97例(98.0%),类黑桃征1例(1.0%),芭蕾舞足征1例(1.0%)。结论AHCM的发病率较高,预后较好。左心室造影是诊断AHCM的可靠方法,当心电图及超声心动图不能确诊时,应考虑行左心室造影检查。“,”ObjectiveTo analyze the clinical characteristics and coronary angiography features of patients with Apical Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy(AHCM).Methods The baseline features, clinical characteristics and coronary angiography features were retrospectively analyzed.Results25.9%of all the Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (HCM) patients were diagnosed with AHCM patients (99 cases vs 382 cases). The mean age of all patients were (54.0±11.5)years, and 69 patients (69.7%) were male. The major clinical characteristics were chest pain, dyspnea, angina and palpitation with 74.7%, 54.5%, 50.5%and 28.3% respectively(74, 54, 50 and 28 cases). Complications were hypertention, diabetes mellitus and hyperlipemia with 35.4%,12.1% and 4.0 % respectively (35, 12 and 4 cases).12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) revealed sinus rhythm and left ventricular hypertrophy voltage on 72 patients (72.7%), and the gaint negative T waves were presented on 80 patients (80.8%) (maximum depth 2.4 mv). On echocardiography, mean apical wall thickness, interventricular septum thickness and left ventricular outflow tract gradient were 19±8mm ,16±5mm and 40±49mmHg respectively. Left ventricular angiography revealed left ventricular apex thickening in different degrees (maximum thickness 40mm). A majority of patients (98.0%) revealed the“Spades” except for 2 cases described as similar “Spades”and “Ballet foot” respectively.Conclusion The AHCM ,with a higher morbidity, generally have a benign prognosis. Left ventricular angiography should be performed when electrocardiography and echocardiography are failed to diagnose.