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目的了解我院2010年~2013年呼吸科AECOPD住院病人痰标本分离病原菌的变迁及耐药趋势变化,指导临床合理使用抗菌药物。方法对2010年~2013年临床分离的756株病原菌进行细菌鉴定和药敏试验,并将结果进行回顾性研究比较、分析。结果 2010年~2012年,革兰氏阴性菌分离率逐年增高,排名前4位的致病菌分别为铜绿假单胞菌、鲍曼不动杆菌、肺炎克雷伯菌和大肠埃希菌。4种细菌对常用的抗菌药物均有不同程度耐药,并对多数抗菌药物的耐药率呈升高趋势;而2013年,4种致病菌对常用抗菌药物耐药性有下降趋势。结论通过掌握病原菌的变迁及耐药性的变化趋势,指导临床合理用药,延缓细菌耐药。
Objective To understand the changes of pathogenic bacteria isolated from sputum samples of hospitalized patients with respiratory tract AECOPD in our hospital from 2010 to 2013 and the trend of drug resistance changes to guide the rational use of antibacterial drugs in clinic. Methods A total of 756 strains of pathogens isolated from 2010 to 2013 were tested for bacterial identification and susceptibility testing. The results were retrospectively analyzed and compared. Results From 2010 to 2012, the isolation rate of Gram-negative bacteria increased year by year. The top four pathogenic bacteria were Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli. The four kinds of bacteria have different degrees of resistance to the commonly used antibacterial drugs, and the drug resistance rate of most antibacterials is on the rise. In 2013, the resistance of the four kinds of pathogens to the commonly used antibacterials is declining. Conclusion By mastering the changes of pathogenic bacteria and the trend of drug resistance, we can guide the rational use of drugs and delay the drug resistance of bacteria.