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要充分了解、阐述和构建当代的核心价值和价值观念,首先要理解思考的问题和指向是什么,并对思考的前提和基础形成一定的共识。按照马克思主义社会存在决定社会意识的理论,价值和价值观念是有区别的,价值是指客观的社会存在关系,社会生活的实际状态;价值观念则是对它的反映,受它决定。价值是客观的,而价值观念是主观的,因此也是多元的,当然这种多元应当是一种“面对多元化,坚持主体性”的多元。社会或个人确立正确的价值观念,其目的就在于正确认识自身、把握自身。就此来看,社会主义从根本上说就是以公平正义为本质特征的,这就决定了公平正义必然是社会主义的核心价值。
To fully understand, elaborate and construct contemporary core values and values, we must first understand what is the problem of thinking and what is the point, and form a certain consensus on the premise and foundation of thinking. According to the Marxist theory of social existence determines the social consciousness, value and value are different, value refers to the objective relationship between social reality, the actual state of social life; value is the reflection of it, subject to it. Value is objective, and values are subjective, so it is also pluralistic. Of course, this pluralism should be a pluralism that “faces pluralism and insists on subjectivity.” The purpose of establishing the correct values for society or individuals is to correctly understand themselves and grasp themselves. From this point of view, socialism is essentially characterized by fairness and justice, which determines that fairness and justice must be the core values of socialism.