自７０年代以来，随着人口的增长，工业化、城市化进程的不断推进，水资源供需矛盾日益突出，从最初的局部地区缺水和季节性农业缺水，发展至今天的工业、农业、生活、生态环境全方位普遍缺水的现象，黄河断流更是为我国北方地区的缺水鸣响了警笛。为此，中国自然资源学会、中 Since the 1970s, with the population growth, industrialization and urbanization progressing constantly, the contradiction between supply and demand of water resources has become increasingly prominent. From the initial water shortage and seasonal agricultural water shortages in some areas to today’s industry, agriculture and life The omnidirectional water shortage phenomenon in the entire ecological environment has led to the siren ringing off the water shortage in the northern part of China. To this end, China Natural Resources Society, China