论文部分内容阅读
美国《宪法》“协定条款”使州际协定成为美国最重要的区域法律治理机制。美国联邦最高法院就“国会的同意”形成了“双层功能性联邦权威”标准,即只有侵犯联邦政府至上权力的州际协定才需要获得国会的批准。在“协定条款”适用过程中,联邦和州之间的相互逐力体现的是二元联邦主义到合作联邦主义再到新联邦主义的宪法变迁。基于美国经验和我国国情,解决区域合作“缺乏直接的宪法和法律依据”难题的法律对策是修宪论、法律完善论及宪法解释论的分阶段运用,而解决区际政府间纠纷难题的法律对策是责任条款解决机制、行政解决机制、仲裁解决机制及司法解决机制的综合运用。
The U.S. “Constitution” and the “Articles of Agreement” make interstate agreements the most important regional legal governance mechanism in the United States. The Supreme Court of the United States has adopted the “double functional federal authority” standard with respect to “consent of the Diet, ” that only an interstate agreement that infringes upon the supremacy of the federal government will need the approval of the Diet. In the application of the “Agreement Provisions”, the mutual power-sharing between the federal and the state is the constitutional change from binary federalism to cooperative federalism to neo-federalism. Based on the experience of the United States and China’s national conditions, the legal solution to the difficult problem of “regional cooperation” lacking direct constitutional and legal basis is the phased application of constitutional amendment, legal perfection and constitutional interpretation and the solution to the intra-intergovernmental dispute problem The legal countermeasures are the comprehensive application of the responsibility clause settlement mechanism, the administrative settlement mechanism, the arbitration settlement mechanism and the judicial settlement mechanism.