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目的：了解维族百岁老人口腔各组织、功能特点，为研究人类长寿提供口腔方面的科学数据。方法：１４０名百岁以上维族老人口腔检查按ＷＨＯ标准记录。唾液、血液检测均由专人专用仪器进行。结果：失牙率１００％，无牙颌率５２．８％，龋患率７６．４％（存牙龋患率７８．８％），牙周病率５２．８％。口腔粘膜全无异常率１６．２％，唇颊腭龈粘膜无异常率６５．７％，裂纹舌检出率７４．３％，其异常中多见血管痣斑、粘膜老年斑，未见恶性病变。唾液ｐＨ６．０～６．５占７９％，流量０．２５～０．５ｍｌ／ｍｉｎ为２８％，０．６～１．０ｍｌ／ｍｉｎ为４２％，龋患百岁老人唾液中Ｍｏ、Ｓｒ、Ｃｕ、Ｃａ、Ｐｂ与无龋组有显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０１）。唾液中ＩｇＡ含量０．１０２±０．０４８ｇ／Ｌ高于对比老年组（Ｐ＜０．０５）。骨钙素含量有牙凳颌为６．８９０±２．６１９μｇ／Ｌ高于无牙颌者（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论：维族百岁老人虽失牙多，但口腔其他组织尚健康，功能较好，可能与长寿因素起协同作用。
OBJECTIVE: To understand the oral cavity tissues of centenarians in Uighur and to provide oral scientific data for studying human longevity. Methods: One hundred and seventy elderly Uygur elderly were examined according to the WHO standard. Saliva, blood testing by special equipment for. Results: The rate of tooth loss was 100%. The rate of edentulous jaw was 52.8%. The rate of caries was 76.4%. The rate of periodontal disease was 78.8%. The rate of periodontal disease was 52.8%. Oral mucosa no abnormal rate of 16.2%, lip and cheek palatal gingival mucosa no abnormal rate of 65.7%, cracked tongue detection rate of 74.3%, abnormal vascular nevus, mucosal age spots, no malignant lesions . Saliva pH6.0 ~ 6.5 accounted for 79%, flow rate of 0.25 ~ 0.5ml / min was 28%, 0.6 ~ 1.0ml / min was 42%, caries of centenarians saliva Mo, Sr, There was significant difference between Cu, Ca, Pb and caries-free group (P <0.01). The content of IgA in saliva was 0.102 ± 0.048g / L higher than that in the control group (P <0.05). Osteocalcin content of the stool was 6.890 ± 2.619μg / L higher than those of the edentulous (P <0.01). Conclusion: Although the majority of Uygurs centenarians lose their teeth, other oral tissues are still healthy and function well, which may play synergistic effect with longevity factors.