果蝇作为生命科学领域中重要的模式生物,被广泛用于人类疾病的研究,这些研究促进了对病理生理活动中相关蛋白分子表达和信号通路的理解,同时,也建立了诸多具有丰富遗传特征的果蝇品系。人们发现,这些果蝇品系作为一类新兴人类疾病模型,可以被应用于活性评价及药物筛选。中药活性评价技术与方法的匮乏是制约中医药发展的瓶颈问题之一。果蝇因其繁殖迅速、生命周期短、整体作用、品系丰富、与人类高度相关等特点,尤其适用于成分复杂的中药的活性评价与筛选。该文就近年来利用果蝇进行的衰老、神经退行性疾病、代谢紊乱及糖尿病、睡眠障碍、肠道免疫、生殖、肿瘤、心脏功能等疾病模型的研究及药物活性评价的研究进展进行了综述。 Drosophila, an important model organism in the life sciences, is widely used in the study of human diseases. These studies have promoted the understanding of the expression and signaling pathways of related proteins in pathophysiological activities. At the same time, many abundant genetic traits have also been established Of fruit fly strains. It has been found that these fruit fly strains, as a group of emerging human disease models, can be applied to activity evaluation and drug screening. The lack of techniques and methods for evaluating the activity of Chinese medicine is one of the bottlenecks that restrict the development of traditional Chinese medicine. Drosophila because of its rapid reproduction, short life cycle, the overall effect of rich lines, highly relevant to humans and other characteristics, especially for complex composition of traditional Chinese medicine activity evaluation and screening. This review summarizes recent research progress on the disease models of aging, neurodegenerative diseases, metabolic disorders and diabetes mellitus, sleep disorders, intestinal immunity, reproductive, tumor and cardiac function using fruit flies.