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目的 了解上海地区小儿病毒性肺炎流行特点。方法 采用桥联酶标法 ,对肺炎及毛细支气管炎患儿的呼吸道分泌物进行病毒抗原检测。结果 1735例中病毒抗原阳性者 12 2 5例 ,阳性率为 70 .6 1%。其中腺病毒占2 0 .2 7% ,副流感病毒 1,3占 16 .5 9% ,合胞病毒占 16 .0 9% ,副流感病毒 2占 15 .36 % ,流感病毒A占 10 .42 %。阳性患儿男女之比为 1.37:1,<1a占 42 .37% ,1～ 3a占 31.42 %。每年 3、9月份平均占 13%和 10 %。毛细支气管炎患儿病毒检测阳性率 78.4%。结论 病毒感染是上海地区婴幼儿肺炎最主要病因。冬春是好发季节 ,秋季有短暂高峰 ,主要是腺病毒和流感病毒 ,合胞病毒好发于冬春季。上海地区毛细支气管炎好发于 1～ 3月份
Objective To understand the epidemic characteristics of pediatric viral pneumonia in Shanghai. Methods The viral antigen was detected in the airway secretions of children with pneumonia and bronchiolitis by the method of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results Among the 1735 cases, 125 cases were positive for virus antigen, the positive rate was 70.61%. Among them, adenovirus accounted for 20.77%, parainfluenza virus 1,3 accounted for 16.59%, syncytial virus accounted for 16.09%, parainfluenza virus 2 accounted for 15.36% and influenza virus A accounted for 10%. 42%. Male to female ratio of positive children was 1.37: 1, <1a accounted for 42.37%, 1 ~ 3a accounted for 31.42%. March and September every year an average of 13% and 10%. The prevalence of bronchiolitis virus in children was 78.4%. Conclusions Virus infection is the most important cause of pneumonia in infants and young children in Shanghai. Winter and spring are good season, short-term peak in autumn, mainly adenovirus and influenza virus, syncytial virus occurs in winter and spring. Shanghai bronchitis occurred in January to March