发酵乳是将鲜牛乳在一定温度一定时间经特定菌群发酵后生成的一类含多种有益菌群的乳制品［１］。用于发酵的特定菌群多为乳酸杆菌类、嗜热链球菌、双歧杆菌类等。发酵乳包括液态的高加索发酵乳、乳酒、嗜酸菌乳等，和半固态或固态的酸乳、发酵乳饮料和乳酪等。最常见且食用范 Fermented milk is a group of dairy products with a variety of beneficial bacteria generated by fermenting a certain group of fresh milk at a certain temperature for a certain period of time [1]. Specific strains used for fermentation are mostly Lactobacillus, Streptococcus thermophilus, Bifidobacterium and the like. The fermented milk includes liquid fermented Caucasian fermented milk, milk wine, acidophilus, etc., and semi-solid or solid fermented milk, fermented milk drinks, and cheese. The most common and food Fan