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哮喘是最常见的儿童慢性疾病。近几十年来,儿童哮喘的患病率在许多国家呈上升的趋势,给个人和国家带来了沉重的负担。除了遗传因素外,环境因素被认为是儿童哮喘发病率升高的重要原因。儿童大部分时间是在室内度过的,因此室内过敏原和空气污染物与儿童哮喘间的关系,近年来受到广泛关注。研究表明过敏是儿童哮喘的危险因素,但目前还没有充分的证据表明在过敏原的暴露与儿童哮喘之间有直接关系。于是部分科学家将研究重点转向室内空气污染物,探讨室内空气污染物在儿童哮喘的发生发展中的作用。本文对常见室内空气污染物与儿童哮喘之间关系的研究进行了综述。
Asthma is the most common childhood chronic disease. The prevalence of childhood asthma has risen in many countries in recent decades, placing a heavy burden on individuals and nations. In addition to genetic factors, environmental factors are considered to be an important reason for the increased incidence of childhood asthma. Children spend most of their time indoors, so the relationship between indoor allergens and air pollutants and childhood asthma has drawn wide attention in recent years. Studies have shown that allergy is a risk factor for asthma in children, but there is no sufficient evidence that there is a direct relationship between allergen exposure and childhood asthma. So some scientists will focus on indoor air pollutants, to explore the role of indoor air pollutants in the development of childhood asthma. This article reviews the research on the relationship between common indoor air pollutants and childhood asthma.