著名教育家巴班斯基为教学过程的优化制定了双重标准:效果、质量标准和时间、精力标准。数学教学过程的优化也必须遵循这样的标准。为了在数学教学的过程中实现这样的优化,根据控制论的原理,对数学教学的过程必须进行有效的控制。事实上,每一个数学教师在数学教学过程中,总是自觉或不自觉地在一定程度、一定方式上运用了某些“控制”的原理、方法和手段。例如,进行某一 The famous educator Babanski has set double standards for the optimization of the teaching process: effects, quality standards, and time and energy standards. The optimization of mathematics teaching process must also follow such standards. In order to achieve such optimization in the process of mathematics teaching, according to the principle of cybernetics, the process of mathematics teaching must be effectively controlled. In fact, every mathematics teacher always consciously or unconsciously uses some principles, methods, and means of “control” in a certain degree or certain way in the process of mathematics teaching. For example, to do some